Seed propagation literature for russet buffaloberry (Shepherdia canadensis (L.)
Nutt.[Elaeagnaceae]) is varied, recommending acid scarification, cold moist stratification, or …

Soaking common elderberry seeds (Sambucus nigra L. ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Bolli
[Caprifoliaceae]) in sulfuric acid followed by a 60-d stratification, or subjecting common …

Seed must be scarified to obtain optimal germination (Davis et al., 1991). Concentrated
sulfuric acid applied for 30–60 min is generally satisfactory for scarification. Irrigation or …

Western soapberry (Sapindus drummondii Hook & Arn.) seeds were col lected in Sept. 1982
and scarified with acid or hot water, or treated by freezing. The seeds were sown …

The germination response of 6 New Mexico sources of wax currant (Ribes cereum Dougl.[
Grossulariaceae]) to combinations of 0 to 120 d cold stratification and 0 to 8 min of acid …

Eastern bluestar [Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt.(Apocynaceae)] is a herbaceous
perennial native to the Eastern United States, yet poor seed germination has inhibited its …

Acid scarification, warm stratification, cold stratification, and soaks in gibberellic acid (GA3)
were effective in promoting germination in mountain snowberry (Symphoricarpos oreophilus …

Skunkbush sumac (Rhus trilobata Nutt.) and serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) are
native shrubs extensively distributed in the western United States which have achieved …

Seed collections of the wild relatives of cultivated blackberry and raspberry (Rubus species)
are maintained at the National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR. Information on …

Blackberry seed germination and earlier seedling emergence were increased by extending
the duration of sulfuric acid scarification to 3 hours in an ice bath prior to after-ripening …