Habitats where each species used in this study is commonly found.
| Species | Family | Habitat |
|---|---|---|
| Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. | Asteraceae | Roadside |
| Atriplex glabriusculata Edmondston | Chenopodiaceae | Salt marsh |
| Calamagrostis pickeringii A. Gray | Poaceae | Coastal barren |
| Empetrum nigrum L. | Ericaceae | Coastal barren |
| Empetrum eamesii Fernald & Wiegand | Ericaceae | Coastal barren |
| Festuca rubra L. | Poaceae | Coastal barren |
| Gaylussacia dumosa Fern. | Ericaceae | Coastal barren |
| Hudsonia ericoides L. | Cistaceae | Coastal barren |
| Juncus gerardii Loisel. | Juncaceae | Salt marsh |
| Lathyrus japonicus Willd. | Fabaceae | Salt marsh, dunes |
| Limonium carolinianum (Walter) Britton | Plumbaginaceae | Salt marsh |
| Oenothera biennis L. | Onagraceae | Roadside |
| Plantago maritima L. | Plantaginaceae | Salt marsh, coastal barren |
| Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Nels. | Cyperaceae | Salt marsh |
| Solidago sempervirens L. | Asteraceae | Salt marsh, dunes, coastal barren |
| Spartina alterniflora Loisel. | Poaceae | Salt marsh |
| Spartina patens (Ait.) Muhl. | Poaceae | Salt marsh |
| Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link | Poaceae | Salt marsh |
| Symphyotrichum novi-belgii L. | Asteraceae | Coastal barren, roadside |
| Vaccinium angustifolium Ait. | Ericaceae | Coastal barren |
| Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. | Ericaceae | Coastal barren |