PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Kildisheva, Olga A
AU  - Davis, Anthony S
AU  - Dumroese, R Kasten
TI  - Boiled, tumbled, burned, and heated: seed scarification techniques for Munro’s globemallow appropriate for large-scale application
AID  - 10.3368/npj.14.1.42
DP  - 2013 Mar 20
TA  - Native Plants Journal
PG  - 42--48
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
4099  - http://npj.uwpress.org/content/14/1/42.short
4100  - http://npj.uwpress.org/content/14/1/42.full
SO  - NATIVE PLANTS JOURNAL2013 Mar 20; 14
AB  - Physically dormant seeds of Munro’s globemallow (Sphaeralcea munroana (Douglas) Spach [Malvaceae]) were scarified by boiling, tumbling, burning, dry-heating, and burning + heating treatments in an attempt to find an effective, operational, large-scale treatment for nurseries and restoration activities. Results indicate that out of the tested treatments, seed germination was highest following boiling water scarification (49%). All other treatments did not achieve significant improvements in germination compared to the control. Findings should improve the use of this cool-season perennial for restoration in the Great Basin, where its effectiveness in soil stabilization; its tolerance of disturbance, drought, and extreme temperatures; and its importance as a food source for animals make it a suitable candidate. In addition, the tested treatments should serve as a foundation for further method refinement.