PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Michele J Laskowski
AU  - Chelsea C Dicksion
AU  - Brianna Schaefer
AU  - Betty Young
TI  - Examining smoke water as a potential germination-enhancing technique to aid the recovery of the endangered Franciscan manzanita (<em>Arctostaphylos franciscana</em> Eastw. [Ericaceae])
AID  - 10.3368/npj.14.1.49
DP  - 2013 Mar 20
TA  - Native Plants Journal
PG  - 49--54
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
4099  - http://npj.uwpress.org/content/14/1/49.short
4100  - http://npj.uwpress.org/content/14/1/49.full
SO  - NATIVE PLANTS JOURNAL2013 Mar 20; 14
AB  - A single individual of Franciscan manzanita (Arctostaphylos franciscana Eastw.) [Ericaceae]) was discovered in 2009 in the Presidio of San Francisco, California. As part of a recovery and restoration plan for this species, we conducted germination trials of the closely related species Mt Tamalpais manzanita (Arctostaphylos montana Eastw. subsp. montana) using varying concentrations and forms of smoke water pretreatments. Our initial trials indicate that a 1:50 (v:v) concentration of smoke water in distilled water may lead to improved germination percentages. Our results should assist with development of future germination trials and propagation plans for the conservation and recovery of Franciscan manzanita.