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Research Article

Frozen-Stored Conifer Container Stock can be Outplanted without Thawing

Clare M Kooistra and Jonathan D Bakker
Native Plants Journal, September 2005, 6 (3) 267-278; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/NPJ.2005.6.3.267
Clare M Kooistra
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Jonathan D Bakker
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Abstract

In this study, we outplanted frozen-stored container stock in operational settings and found minimal effects of thawing regime on seedling performance over 2 y. We monitored the performance of 1+0 container stock of 3 coniferous species (lodgepole pine [Pinus contorta var. latifolia (Pinaceae)], western larch [Larix occidentalis (Pinaceae)], and interior spruce [Picea glauca and P. engelmannii hybrid complex (Pinaceae)]) planted with frozen or thawed root plugs at 2 sites. Differences in chlorophyll fluorescence between frozen and thawed seedlings disappeared within 3 d of outplanting, and differences in budburst phenology disappeared within 6 wk of outplanting. Frozen seedlings had slightly lower diameter and biomass than thawed seedlings but did not differ in condition, height, or sturdiness ratio over 2 growing seasons. Interspecific and environmental differences accounted for much more of the variation in measured attributes than did plug temperature treatment. Eliminating the thaw stage from the seedling production process can yield significant operational advantages.

  • reforestation
  • storage regime
  • thawing regime
  • chlorophyll fluorescence
  • budburst phenology
NOMENCLATURE
  • USDA NRCS (2004)
  • © 2005 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System

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Native Plants Journal: 6 (3)
Native Plants Journal
Vol. 6, Issue 3
21 Sep 2005
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Frozen-Stored Conifer Container Stock can be Outplanted without Thawing
Clare M Kooistra, Jonathan D Bakker
Native Plants Journal Sep 2005, 6 (3) 267-278; DOI: 10.2979/NPJ.2005.6.3.267

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Frozen-Stored Conifer Container Stock can be Outplanted without Thawing
Clare M Kooistra, Jonathan D Bakker
Native Plants Journal Sep 2005, 6 (3) 267-278; DOI: 10.2979/NPJ.2005.6.3.267
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Keywords

  • reforestation
  • storage regime
  • thawing regime
  • chlorophyll fluorescence
  • budburst phenology
  • USDA NRCS (2004)
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