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Research Article

Tissue-cultured Creeping Bluestem for Restoration of Phosphate-mined Lands

Rob Kalmbacher, Jeff Norcini, Taraknath Chakravarty, Ike Ezenwa and Frank Martin
Native Plants Journal, March 2004, 5 (1) 81-90; DOI: https://doi.org/10.2979/NPJ.2004.5.1.81
Rob Kalmbacher
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Jeff Norcini
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Taraknath Chakravarty
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Ike Ezenwa
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Frank Martin
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Abstract

Tissue-cultured creeping bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium var. stoloniferum (Nash) J. Wipff [Poaceae]), grown in pots containing sand tailings or overburden from a Florida phosphate mine, had shoot (4.6 g/plant [0.16 oz]), root and rhizome mass (5.2 g/plant [0.18 oz]), and vegetative tiller density (4.2 g /plant [0.15 oz]) similar to that obtained from plants started from rhizomes. Seeds of creeping bluestem germinated on mine soil but failed to grow. In the field, tissue-cultured bluestem survival averaged 88% over January, July, and October planting dates on sand tailings compared with 67% on overburden. One year after October planting, total tiller density and aboveground plant dry mass was 63.5 and 117 g/plant (2.24 and 4.13 oz), respectively, on sand tailings compared with 50 and 107 g/plant (1.76 and 3.77 oz), respectively, on overburden. Except in the October planting, soil did not affect bluestem plant diameter (mean 24.2 cm [9.5 in]). Because creeping bluestem produces few seeds, tissue culture can provide plants that establish and grow well on land after phosphate mining. Weed control will be essential to success.

  • mine reclamation
  • Schizachyrium scoparium var. stoloniferum
  • overburden
  • sand tailings
NOMENCLATURE
  • ITIS (2002)
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Native Plants Journal: 5 (1)
Native Plants Journal
Vol. 5, Issue 1
20 Mar 2004
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Tissue-cultured Creeping Bluestem for Restoration of Phosphate-mined Lands
Rob Kalmbacher, Jeff Norcini, Taraknath Chakravarty, Ike Ezenwa, Frank Martin
Native Plants Journal Mar 2004, 5 (1) 81-90; DOI: 10.2979/NPJ.2004.5.1.81

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Tissue-cultured Creeping Bluestem for Restoration of Phosphate-mined Lands
Rob Kalmbacher, Jeff Norcini, Taraknath Chakravarty, Ike Ezenwa, Frank Martin
Native Plants Journal Mar 2004, 5 (1) 81-90; DOI: 10.2979/NPJ.2004.5.1.81
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Keywords

  • mine reclamation
  • Schizachyrium scoparium var. stoloniferum
  • overburden
  • sand tailings
  • ITIS (2002)
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