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Research ArticleRefereed Research

Seedling emergence and seed production of curlycup gumweed

Derek Tilley, Mary Wolf, Derek Jolley and Gordon Hirning
Native Plants Journal, September 2022, 23 (3) 299-308; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/npj.23.3.299
Derek Tilley
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center, PO Box 296, Aberdeen, ID 83210
Roles: Plant Materials Center Manager
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Mary Wolf
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center, PO Box 296, Aberdeen, ID 83210
Roles: Plant Materials Center Agronomist
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Derek Jolley
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center, PO Box 296, Aberdeen, ID 83210
Roles: Plant Materials Center Farm Foreman
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Gordon Hirning
USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Aberdeen Plant Materials Center, PO Box 296, Aberdeen, ID 83210
Roles: Biological Science Technician
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Abstract

Native rangeland forbs are in demand among Intermountain restorationists, but they are underrepresented in revegetation projects because of high seed cost, limited availability, and poorly understood establishment requirements. Curlycup gumweed (Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal [Asteraceae]) is a short-lived forb, native to semi-arid sites in the Intermountain West, with potential for broadscale use in restoration activities. We conducted a glasshouse experiment examining seedling emergence of curlycup gumweed planted at depths of 0, 1, and 2 cm (0, 0.4, and 0.8 in) in 3 different soil textures (sand, loam, and clay loam). We also compared 3 seed harvest methods of curlycup gumweed in a replicated field trial and evaluated seed yield, purity, and viability. In a third experiment, we tracked viability of seed stored under dry, cool conditions over 3 y using tetrazolium (TZ) staining. Our seedling emergence experiment indicated that maximum emergence can be achieved by planting seed on the soil surface (0 cm) regardless of soil texture. Soil texture had no effect on seedling emergence at any depth. Seed yields from harvesting once via mechanical swathing, simulated using a hedge clipper, were comparable to yields from multiple hand harvests using a racquet-and-hopper, while harvesting with a Flail-Vac resulted in poor yields. Average seed purity and viability did not differ among harvesting methods. Finally, seedling vigor changed little under storage conditions and stayed above 95% over 3 y. Our results suggest curlycup gumweed has excellent potential for larger scale seed production and marketability.

KEY WORDS
  • forb
  • harvest
  • seeding depth
  • seedling vigor
  • Asteraceae
NOMENCLATURE
  • USDA NRCS (2018)
  • Copyright © 2022 the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System
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Native Plants Journal: 23 (3)
Native Plants Journal
Vol. 23, Issue 3
21 Sep 2022
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Seedling emergence and seed production of curlycup gumweed
Derek Tilley, Mary Wolf, Derek Jolley, Gordon Hirning
Native Plants Journal Sep 2022, 23 (3) 299-308; DOI: 10.3368/npj.23.3.299

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Seedling emergence and seed production of curlycup gumweed
Derek Tilley, Mary Wolf, Derek Jolley, Gordon Hirning
Native Plants Journal Sep 2022, 23 (3) 299-308; DOI: 10.3368/npj.23.3.299
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Keywords

  • forb
  • harvest
  • seeding depth
  • seedling vigor
  • Asteraceae
  • USDA NRCS (2018)
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