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Research ArticleRefereed Research

Impact of biostimulant and cultural factors on whorled mountainmint (Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.) Cooperr.): growth performance and assessment of arthropod visitation

Bethany A Harris, Emilee M Poole and Svoboda V Pennisi
Native Plants Journal, March 2022, 23 (1) 97-114; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/npj.23.1.97
Bethany A Harris
Southern Crescent Technical College Griffin Campus 501 Varsity Road Griffin, GA 30223
Roles: Horticulture Instructor and Program Coordinator
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Emilee M Poole
University of Georgia Department of Entomology College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Athens, GA 30602
Roles: Graduate Research Assistant
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Svoboda V Pennisi
University of Georgia Department of Horticulture UGA Griffin Campus 1109 Experiment Street Griffin, GA 30223
Roles: Professor and Extension Horticulture Specialist
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Abstract

This study investigated the effect of a microbial biostimulant (Effective Microorganisms-1) on growth and flowering of a native forb (Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.) Cooperr. [Lamiaceae, whorled mountainmint]) grown under different irrigation and fertilizer levels and in presence or absence of organic soil amendment. Plant height, width, and number of main stems were unaffected, while the number of inflorescences were significantly higher in plants treated with the biostimulant. Plants exhibited slightly enhanced growth (plant width and number of main stems) under higher supplemental irrigation (3.81 cm [1.5 in] water per week as opposed to 2.54 cm [1 in] per week); however, plants had more inflorescences under lower supplemental irrigation. Plants grown in unamended soil were wider than plants grown in amended soil, but no other morphometrics were affected by that cultural factor. Whorled mountainmint attracted a diverse population made up of arthropods: pollinating (19+ families and 2 genera), beneficial (11+ families), and herbivorous (15+ families). Anthesis significantly augmented number of pollinating insects but it did not affect number of predatory and (or) other beneficial arthropods, nor plant-feeding arthropod taxa. Effective Microorganisms-1 biostimulant may be utilized to enhance establishment and flowering to further boost arthropod visitation and successfully grow whorled mountainmint with low inputs.

KEY WORDS
  • Effective Microorganisms-1©
  • microbial inoculant
  • irrigation
  • nitrogen fertilizer
  • organic soil amendment
  • pollinating arthropods
  • predatory arthropods
  • herbivorous arthropods
  • Lamiaceae
NOMENCLATURE
  • Plants: USDA NRCS (2019)
  • Insects: ITIS (2019)
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Native Plants Journal: 23 (1)
Native Plants Journal
Vol. 23, Issue 1
20 Mar 2022
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Impact of biostimulant and cultural factors on whorled mountainmint (Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.) Cooperr.): growth performance and assessment of arthropod visitation
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Impact of biostimulant and cultural factors on whorled mountainmint (Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.) Cooperr.): growth performance and assessment of arthropod visitation
Bethany A Harris, Emilee M Poole, Svoboda V Pennisi
Native Plants Journal Mar 2022, 23 (1) 97-114; DOI: 10.3368/npj.23.1.97

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Impact of biostimulant and cultural factors on whorled mountainmint (Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.) Cooperr.): growth performance and assessment of arthropod visitation
Bethany A Harris, Emilee M Poole, Svoboda V Pennisi
Native Plants Journal Mar 2022, 23 (1) 97-114; DOI: 10.3368/npj.23.1.97
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Keywords

  • Effective Microorganisms-1©
  • microbial inoculant
  • irrigation
  • nitrogen fertilizer
  • organic soil amendment
  • pollinating arthropods
  • predatory arthropods
  • herbivorous arthropods
  • Lamiaceae
  • Plants: USDA NRCS (2019)
  • Insects: ITIS (2019)
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