Selectable variation for essential turfgrass quality traits among and within Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis) accessions

Abstract

Assessment of variability for traits associated with turfgrass quality was completed on 36 accessions of Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer [Poaceae]). Accessions represented the geographical range of the species and were acquired from native plant seed producers and the USDA ARS germplasm repository in Pullman, Washington. Seedlings were germinated in a greenhouse and outplanted into a replicated common-garden field plot in spring 2010. During summer 2011 and 2012, individual plants were assessed and rated for leaf blade color, resistance to heat dormancy, vigor, and leaf blade texture. In 2013, routine mowing of plots was terminated, and plants were assessed for profusion of inflorescence stems and overall plant health to gauge reproductive potential. Evaluated accessions exhibited extensive variation in color, from light green to dark silver-blue, and all shades in between. High levels of within- and between-accession variability, including levels appropriate for turfgrass use, were observed for resistance to summer dormancy, plant vigor, and leaf blade texture. Selection of Idaho fescue nativars with acceptable turfgrass quality appeared feasible. Residual germplasm from the evaluation plots was utilized for selection of superior turf-type Idaho fescue. Selected plants were divided into categories by leaf blade color: medium green, dark green, blue-green, and silver-blue. Selected plants were crown-divided and established into isolation plots. Isolated plants were allowed to mature and intercross to create 4 color-based synthetic nativars that were subsequently transferred to a partnering wholesale nursery for commercialization.