Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • Index/Abstracts
  • Connect
    • Feedback
    • Help
  • Alerts
  • Free Issue
  • Call for Papers
  • Other Publications
    • UWP
    • Ecological Restoration
    • Land Economics
    • Landscape Journal

User menu

  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Native Plants Journal
  • Other Publications
    • UWP
    • Ecological Restoration
    • Land Economics
    • Landscape Journal
  • Register
  • Subscribe
  • My alerts
  • Log in
  • My Cart
Native Plants Journal

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Content
    • Current
    • Archive
  • Info for
    • Authors
    • Subscribers
    • Institutions
    • Advertisers
  • About Us
    • About Us
    • Editorial Board
    • Index/Abstracts
  • Connect
    • Feedback
    • Help
  • Alerts
  • Free Issue
  • Call for Papers
  • Follow uwp on Twitter
  • Visit uwp on Facebook
Research ArticleRefereed Research
Open Access

Greenhouse propagation of the endangered hemiparasite Schwalbea americana (American chaffseed): experimentation and botanical studies

Danny J Gustafson, Steven E Woodyard Jr, Joaquin Marquez, W Duncan Rhoad V, Jeff S Glitzenstein and Joel M Gramling
Native Plants Journal, March 2017, 18 (1) 50-61; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/npj.18.1.50
Danny J Gustafson
Professor of Plant Molecular Ecology Certified Senior Ecologist (ESA), Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, SC 29409,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Steven E Woodyard Jr
Undergraduate Researcher, Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, SC 29409,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Joaquin Marquez
Graduate Researcher, Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, SC 29409,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
W Duncan Rhoad V
Undergraduate Researcher, Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, SC 29409,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Jeff S Glitzenstein
Research Associate and Beadel Fellow, Tall Timbers Research Station, 13093 Henry Beadel Drive Tallahassee, FL 32312,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
Joel M Gramling
Associate Professor of Plant Community Ecology Curator of The Citadel Herbarium (CITA), Department of Biology, The Citadel, Charleston, SC 29409,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: [email protected]
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

REFERENCES

  1. ↵
    1. Brumback WE
    . 1989. Notes on propagation of rare New England species. Rhodora 91:154–162.
    OpenUrl
  2. ↵
    1. Determann R,
    2. Kirkman LK,
    3. Nourse H
    . 1997. Plant conservation by propagation: the cases of Macranthera and Schwalbea. Tipularia 12:2–12.
    OpenUrl
  3. ↵
    1. Ehleringer JR,
    2. Schulze ED
    . 1985. Mineral concentrations in an autoparasitic Phoradendra californicum growing on a parasitic Phoradendra californicum and its host, Cercidium floridum. American Journal of Botany 72:568–571.
    OpenUrl
  4. ↵
    1. Foin TC,
    2. Riley SPD,
    3. Pawley AL,
    4. Ayres DR,
    5. Carlsen TM,
    6. Hodum PJ,
    7. Switzer PV
    . 1998. Improving recovery planning for threatened and endangered species. Bioscience 48:177–184.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  5. ↵
    1. Glitzenstein JS,
    2. Gustafson DJ,
    3. Stowe JP,
    4. Streng DR,
    5. Bridgman DA,
    6. Fill JM,
    7. Ayers JT
    . 2016. Starting a new population of Schwalbea americana on a longleaf pine restoration site in South Carolina. Castanea 81:302–313.
    OpenUrl
  6. ↵
    1. Helton RC,
    2. Kirkman LK,
    3. Musselman LJ
    . 2000. Host preference of the federally endangered hemiparasite Schwalbea americana L. (Scrophulariaceae). Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 127:300–306.
    OpenUrl
  7. ↵
    1. Johnson G
    . 1995. Schwalbea americana seed and pod measurements; germination and seedling growth; Francis Marion National Forest 1993 Collections. USDA Forest Service. 10 p.
  8. ↵
    1. Kelly JF
    . 2006 Explanation in the biology and restoration of the endangered plant species, Schwalbea americana (American Chaffseed), in New Jersey [PhD dissertation]. New Brunswick (NJ): Rutgers State University of New Jersey. 206 p.
  9. ↵
    1. Kirkman LK,
    2. Drew MB,
    3. Edwards D
    . 1998. Effects of experimental fire regimes on the population dynamics of Schwalbea americana L. Plant Ecology 137:115–137.
    OpenUrl
  10. ↵
    1. Koske RE,
    2. Gemma JN
    . 1989. A modified procedure for staining roots to detect VA mycorrhizas. Mycological Research 92:486–488.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  11. ↵
    1. Li AR,
    2. Guan KY
    . 2008. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may serve as another nutrient strategy for some hemiparasitic species of Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae). Mycorrhiza 18:429–436.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  12. ↵
    1. Li AR,
    2. Smith AE,
    3. Smith FA,
    4. Guan KY
    . 2012. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi suppresses initiation of haustoria in the root hemiparasite Pedicularis tricolor. Annals of Botany 109:1075–1080.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  13. ↵
    1. Mann WF Jr.,
    2. Musselman LJ
    . 1981. Autotrophic growth of southern root parasites. American Midland Naturalist 106:203–205.
    OpenUrl
  14. ↵
    1. McGonigle TP,
    2. Miller MH,
    3. Evans DG
    . 1990. A new method which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytologist 114:495–501.
    OpenUrl
  15. ↵
    1. Musselman LJ,
    2. Mann WF Jr.
    . 1979. Haustorial frequency of some root parasites in culture. New Phytologist 83:479–483.
    OpenUrl
  16. ↵
    1. [NMFS and USFWS] National Marine and Fisheries Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    . 2010. Interim endangered and threatened species recovery planning guidance, Ver. 1.3. URL: https://www.fws.gov/endangered/esa-library/pdf/NMFS-FWS_Recovery_Planning_Guidance.pdf (accessed 1 Dec 2015).
  17. ↵
    1. Norden AH,
    2. Kirkman LK
    . 2004. Factors controlling the fire-induced flowering response of the federally endangered Schwalbea americana L. (Scrophulariaceae). Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 131:16–22.
    OpenUrl
  18. ↵
    1. Obee EM
    . 1995. Management and monitoring of Schwalbea americana at Whitesbog. Trenton (NJ): New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and Energy, Division of Parks and Forestry, Office of Natural Lands Management. 24 p.
  19. ↵
    1. Obee EM,
    2. Cartica RJ
    . 1997. Propagation and reintroduction of the endangered hemiparasite Schwalbea americana (Scrophulariaceae). Rhodora 99:134–147.
    OpenUrl
  20. ↵
    1. Peters D
    . 1995. American chaffseed recovery plan. Hadley (MA): U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services, Region 5. URL: https://projects.ncsu.edu/cals/plantbiology/ncsc/rare/Recovery_Schwalbea.pdf (accessed 1 Dec 2015).
  21. ↵
    1. Simons AM,
    2. Johnston MO
    . 2006. Environmental and genetic sources of diversification in the timing of seed germination: implications for evolution of bet hedging. Evolution 60:2280–2292.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  22. ↵
    1. Taylor MFJ,
    2. Suckling KF,
    3. Rachlinski JJ
    . 2005. The effectiveness of the Endangered Species Act: a quantitative analysis. Bioscience 55:360–367.
    OpenUrlCrossRefWeb of Science
  23. ↵
    1. [U.S. Code] United States Code
    . 2015. Title 16: Conservation, Chapter 35, U.S.C. section 1531.
    1. [USDA NRCS] USDA Natural Resources Conservation Services
    . 2015. The PLANTS database. URL: http://plants.usda.gov (accessed 14 Oct 2015). Greensboro (NC): National Plant Data Team.
  24. ↵
    1. [USFWS] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    . 1992. Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants: endangered status of Schwalbea americana (American chaffseed). Federal Register 57:44703–44708.
    OpenUrl
  25. ↵
    1. [USFWS] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    . 1995. American chaffseed (Schwalbea americana) recovery plan. Hadley (MA): U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 38 p + appendices.
  26. ↵
    1. [USFWS] U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
    . 2008. American chaffseed (Schwalbea americana) 5 year review: summary and evaluation. Pleasantville (NJ): U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 31 p.
  27. ↵
    1. Westwood JH,
    2. Yoder JI,
    3. Timko MP,
    4. dePamphilis CW
    . 2010. The evolution of parasitism in plants. Trends in Plant Science 15:227–235.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  28. ↵
    1. Yeo PF
    . 1961. Germination, seedlings, and the formation of haustoria in Euphrasia. Watsonia 5:11–22.
    OpenUrl
  29. ↵
    1. Yoder JI
    . 1997. A species-specific recognition system directs haustorium development in the parasitic plant Triphysaria (Scrophulariaceae). Planta 202:407–413.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Native Plants Journal: 18 (1)
Native Plants Journal
Vol. 18, Issue 1
20 Mar 2017
  • Table of Contents
  • Table of Contents (PDF)
  • Index by author
  • Front Matter (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Native Plants Journal.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Greenhouse propagation of the endangered hemiparasite Schwalbea americana (American chaffseed): experimentation and botanical studies
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Native Plants Journal
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Native Plants Journal web site.
Citation Tools
Greenhouse propagation of the endangered hemiparasite Schwalbea americana (American chaffseed): experimentation and botanical studies
Danny J Gustafson, Steven E Woodyard Jr, Joaquin Marquez, W Duncan Rhoad V, Jeff S Glitzenstein, Joel M Gramling
Native Plants Journal Mar 2017, 18 (1) 50-61; DOI: 10.3368/npj.18.1.50

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Greenhouse propagation of the endangered hemiparasite Schwalbea americana (American chaffseed): experimentation and botanical studies
Danny J Gustafson, Steven E Woodyard Jr, Joaquin Marquez, W Duncan Rhoad V, Jeff S Glitzenstein, Joel M Gramling
Native Plants Journal Mar 2017, 18 (1) 50-61; DOI: 10.3368/npj.18.1.50
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One
Bookmark this article

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • MATERIALS AND METHODS
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Optimizing regeneration protocols for native Seeds of Success–collected milkvetch (Astragalus spp.) genetic resources
  • Evaluating native pre-variety germplasms for use in dryland restoration
  • Investigating seed dormancy and germination of important Wyoming forbs
Show more Refereed Research

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • ex situ propagation
  • native soil microbes
  • growth media
  • arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
  • intraspecific parasitism
  • endangered species
  • Scrophulariaceae
  • USDA NRCS (2015)
UW Press logo

© 2025 The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System

Powered by HighWire