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Research ArticleRefereed Research

Using smoke-water and cold-moist stratification to improve germination of native prairie species

Sarah Krock, Sierra Smith, Carl Elliott, Anita Kennedy and Sarah T Hamman
Native Plants Journal, March 2016, 17 (1) 19-27; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3368/npj.17.1.19
Sarah Krock
, Wildlife Biologist, AGEISS Inc, Joint Base Lewis-McChord Fish and Wildlife, 1210 Mann Avenue, Joint Base Lewis-McChord, WA 98433,
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Sierra Smith
, Conservation Nursery Manager, Center for Natural Lands Management, 120 Union Avenue SE, Olympia, WA 98501,
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Carl Elliott
, Conservation Nursery Manager, Sustainability in Prisons Project, The Evergreen State College, Environmental Studies Lab II: 2700 Evergreen Parkway NW, Olympia, WA 98505,
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Anita Kennedy
, Masters Candidate and Graduate Research Assistant, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, 237-238 Natural Resources Building, Fort Collins, CO 80523,
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Sarah T Hamman
, Restoration Ecologist, Center for Natural Lands Management, 120 Union Avenue SE, Olympia, WA 98501,
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Abstract

As the capability of land management agencies to restore degraded habitat at large scales has improved, the availability of native plant materials has become a primary limiting factor in the restoration process. Developing clear protocols for a suite of regionally important restoration species will increase the feasibility and cost effectiveness of native species production on a commercial scale. A full factorial design was used to test a 1:100 smoke-water imbibe treatment coupled with 6 lengths of cold-moist stratification (0, 15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 d) to determine if 10 selected South Puget Sound prairie species have a dormancy that is broken by some combination of these factors. Plant-derived smoke-water is a proven germination cue in other fire-adapted ecosystems; however, smoke-water had a significant influence for only one—Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC. (western columbine; Ranunculaceae)—of the 10 tested species after the 90-d stratification period. The duration of cold-moist stratification time had a significant effect on 8 of the analyzed species. Of those 8 species, 7 reached a maximum germination rate before the standard protocol guideline of 84-d cold-moist stratification, suggesting that stratification for species with unknown germination requirements may need to be shortened. Stratification times identified here will provide guidance and will improve production efficiency for producers interested in propagating these prairie species for restoration.

  • restoration
  • propagation
  • forbs
  • seed pre-treatment
  • imbibe
  • pre-chill
  • Asteraceae
  • Caryophyllaceae
  • Fagaceae
  • Poaceae
  • Primulaceae
  • Ranunculaceae
  • Scrophulariaceae
NOMENCLATURE
  • USDA NRCS (2015)
  • © 2016 by the Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System

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Native Plants Journal: 17 (1)
Native Plants Journal
Vol. 17, Issue 1
20 Mar 2016
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Using smoke-water and cold-moist stratification to improve germination of native prairie species
Sarah Krock, Sierra Smith, Carl Elliott, Anita Kennedy, Sarah T Hamman
Native Plants Journal Mar 2016, 17 (1) 19-27; DOI: 10.3368/npj.17.1.19

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Using smoke-water and cold-moist stratification to improve germination of native prairie species
Sarah Krock, Sierra Smith, Carl Elliott, Anita Kennedy, Sarah T Hamman
Native Plants Journal Mar 2016, 17 (1) 19-27; DOI: 10.3368/npj.17.1.19
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Keywords

  • restoration
  • propagation
  • forbs
  • seed pre-treatment
  • imbibe
  • pre-chill
  • Asteraceae
  • Caryophyllaceae
  • Fagaceae
  • Poaceae
  • Primulaceae
  • Ranunculaceae
  • Scrophulariaceae
  • USDA NRCS (2015)
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