Making a smoker to produce cellulose-based smoke for treating forest tree seeds

Abstract

We needed consistent quantities of cellulose-based smoke for testing the effects of smoke exposure on forest tree seed germination. We determined that burning pine straw would produce sufficient quantities of such smoke. Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill. [Pinaceae]) straw is readily available in bale sizes and is a practical fuel source for repeated trials. A steel trash can was selected and converted into a pine straw bale burner to hold a safe, controlled smoldering fire producing adequate smoke. A few alterations to the trash can were required as noted. Total cost for the smoker and other supplies was less than US$ 150.